Khasiat Minyak Biji Anggur Grape Seed Oil

Memetakan Khasiat Minyak Biji Anggur. Apa SIh minyak biji anggur itu?

 

Grape Seed Extract and its oil is derived from the seeds of a grape. Due to their nutritional and medicinal properties grapes, their seeds, and leaves have been used in many home remedies for centuries. Grape Seed Oil is a great source of polyphenols - flavonoids, Essential Fatty Acid - linoleic acid, vitamin E, and oligomeric proanthocyanidin. These great components make grape seed extract an asset in the treatment of many minor to severe health conditions. It has also been used in the production of massage oils and balms, hair and hygienic products, face and body moisturizers, as well as in sunblocks and sunburn ointments.

Manfaatnya secara umum:What are the Benefits of Grape Seed Oil?

Studies suggest that Grape Seed Oil and its Extract constitute anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, anti-histamine, anti-aging, anti-allergic, antimicrobial, and adaptogenic activity. Therefore, it has been beneficial in the treatment of a number of health issues which include: arthritis, edema, dermatitis, acne, wrinkles, dry and itchy skin, age spots, sun burns, chapped lips, wounds, bruising, stretch marks, varicose veins, hemorrhoids, chronic venous insufficiency, premature aging, premenstrual syndrome (PMS), weight loss, stress, dandruff, hair loss, warts, cardiovascular diseases especially atherosclerosis, hypertension, high cholesterol levels, diabetes, visual impairment, cataract, and macular degeneration. Studies also suggest that its free radical scavenging activity may strengthen the immune system and reduce the risk of developing cancer.

Riset mengenai Biji Anggur:

The Cellular and Molecular Basis of Health Benefits of Grape Seed Proanthocyanidin Extract

Authors: Joshi S.S.; Kuszynski C.A.; Bagchi D.

Source: Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Volume 2, Number 2, June 2001 , pp. 187-200(14)

Publisher: Bentham Science Publishers

Abstract:

Red grape seed extract containing proanthocyanidins and other antioxidants are being used as nutritional supplements by many health conscious individuals. The beneficial effects of grape seed proanthocyanidins (GSPE) have been reported, however, little is known about their mechanism(s) of action. One of the beneficial effects of GSPE is chemoprevention of cellular damage. The precise mechanism by which GSPE mediates, chemoprevention is not yet understood. This report addresses this issue. We investigated the mechanisms of actions of GSPE, which ameliorates chemotherapy-induced toxic effects of Idarubicin (Ida) and 4,-hydroxyperoxycyclophosphamide (4-HC) in normal human Chang liver cells. Exposure to GSPE resulted in a significant reduction in apoptosis in response to the cytotoxicity of chemotherapeutic agents. RT-PCR analysis showed a significant increase in the anti-apoptotic gene Bcl-2 and a decrease in the cell cycle associated and proapoptotic genes, c-myc and p53 in cells treated with GSPE. These results suggest that some of the chemopreventive effects of GSPE are mediated by upregulating Bcl-2 and down regulating c-myc and p53 genes.

Keywords: Grape Seed; Proanthocyanidin Extract; proanthocyanidins (GSPE); RT-PCR; Chemiluminescence Assay; Cytochrome-c Reduction Assay; Lipid Peroxidation; DNA Fragmentation; In Vitro Cell Culture System; MTT Assay

Characteristics and composition of melon and grape seed oils and cakes

Basil S. Kamel, H. Dawson and Y. Kakuda

Abstract

Watermelon (Citrullus vulgaris) and grape (Vitis vinifera) seeds were investigated for their nutritional quality and oil characteristics. The yields of seeds on an as is basis (edible portion) were 1.6 and 1.8% for grape and melon, respectively. The melonseed on a dry weight basis consisted of 53.6% testa and 46.4% kernel. The crude protein, fat and fiber content were 16.4, 23.1 and 47.7% for melon and 8.2, 14.0 and 38.6% for grape (dry weight basis). Both seeds were found to contain significant levels of Ca, Mg, P and K. The fatty acid profiles showed an unsaturated fatty acid content of 76.1% for melonseed oil and 88.6% for grapeseed oil. The predominant fatty acid in both seeds was linoleic acid. The iodine value, saponification number and acid value were 116, 248 and 0.97 for melonseed oil and 132, 194 and 1.59 for grapeseed oil. The amino acid profiles of both seed cake proteins were determined and compared with hen’s egg protein.

DETERMINATION OF FATTY ACIDS IN REFINED OIL OF SESAME  SEED OIL, GRAPE SEED OIL AND SUNFLOWER SEED OIL oleh NUZAIMAH BINTI IDERIS  Universiti Teknologi MARA NOVEMBER 2010

Grape seed oil has been used for centuries in Europe where, in 1569, Emperor Maximilian II of Italy granted a monopoly for the pressing of grape seed oil. In those days, the grape seeds were placed in giant vats, mixed with water, and covered. During the following winter, they were pounded every few days until they finally yielded a mash. This mash was then gently heated to separate the oil from the water much in the same way that traditional hand-pressed coconut oil is made today (Kline, 2004).

Earlier research by Cao and Ito, (2003), Fatty acids in the grape seed oil were analyzed using a Liquid Chromatogrphy (LC) system after saponification. In each test, 100 mg of oil was sampled and saponified with KOH in methanol, and then the solution was acidified with sulfuric acid–water (1:4, v/v) and extracted with diethyl  ether. After concentration, the extract was analyzed for fatty acids by HPLC. As a result, the only fatty acids present in detectable quantities were stearic, palmitic,oleic and linoleic acids.

In another study, Stefanie et al., (2007). 1.0 g of grape seed was used to be extracted with methanolic solution and followed by vortex for and centrifugation.

Grape seed oil was extracted in a Soxhlet apparatus by using n-hexane and by supercritical fluid extraction using CO2. The fatty acid methyl esters were prepared by transesterification of pumpkin seeds oil with 2M KOH in methanol and n- heptane. Gas chromatographic (GC) analyses of FAMEs were performed in a chromatograph equipped with a flame ionization detector. The fatty acids composition obtained were linoleic acid, followed by the palmitic acid and oleic  acid.

Kandungan Nutrisi Minyak Biji Anggur:

Acid	Type	Percentage
Linoleic acid	ω−6 unsaturated	72%
Oleic acid	ω−9 unsaturated	16%
Palmitic acid (Hexadecanoic acid)	Saturated	7%
Stearic acid (Octadecanoic acid)	Saturated	4%
Alpha-linolenic acid	ω−3 unsaturated	less than 1%
Palmitoleic acid (9-Hexadecenoic acid)	ω−7 unsaturated	less than 1%

Minyak Biji Anggur juga kaya omega 6 yang sangat baik bagi kesehatan tubuh.

Fat composition
Saturated fats	Palmitic: 7% Stearic: 4%
Unsaturated fats	88%-90%
Monounsaturated fats	Oleic acid: 16-17%
Palmitoleic acid	<1%
Oleic acid	16%
Polyunsaturated fats	72-73%
Omega-3 fatty acids	α-Linolenic: <1%
Omega-6 fatty acids	Linoleic: 72%
Properties
Food energy per 100g	3,700 kJ (880 kcal)
Smoke point	216 °C (421 °F)
Iodine value	124-143
Saponification value	126 (NaOH) 180-196 (KOH)
Unsaponifiable	0.3% - 1.6%
Peroxide value	2.92 mequiv/kg

Di Nilai dari sisi sejarah, berikut kupasannya:

Grape seed oil has been used for centuries in Europe where, in 1569, Emperor Maximilian II of Italy granted a monopoly for the pressing of grape seed oil. In those days, the grape seeds were placed in giant vats, mixed with water, and covered. During the following winter, they were pounded every few days until they finally yielded a mash. This mash was then gently heated to separate the oil from the water much in the same way that traditional hand-pressed coconut oil is made today (Kline, 2004).

Earlier research by Cao and Ito, (2003), Fatty acids in the grape seed oil were analyzed using a Liquid Chromatogrphy (LC) system after saponification. In each test, 100 mg of oil was sampled and saponified with KOH in methanol, and then the solution was acidified with sulfuric acid–water (1:4, v/v) and extracted with diethyl  ether. After concentration, the extract was analyzed for fatty acids by HPLC. As a result, the only fatty acids present in detectable quantities were stearic, palmitic,oleic and linoleic acids.

In another study, Stefanie et al., (2007). 1.0 g of grape seed was used to be extracted with methanolic solution and followed by vortex for and centrifugation.

Grape seed oil was extracted in a Soxhlet apparatus by using n-hexane and by supercritical fluid extraction using CO2. The fatty acid methyl esters were prepared by transesterification of pumpkin seeds oil with 2M KOH in methanol and n- heptane. Gas chromatographic (GC) analyses of FAMEs were performed in a chromatograph equipped with a flame ionization detector. The fatty acids composition obtained were linoleic acid, followed by the palmitic acid and oleic  acid.

Lalu bagaimana pemanfaatan Ekstrak biji anggur secara luas?

Uses of Grape Seed Oil

Acne and Dermatitis

Research suggests that the linoleic acid in Grape Seed Oil has anti-inflammatory, anti-allergen, acne reductive, and moisture retentive properties. It contains 73% of linoleic acid which may be beneficial in the treatment of acne, dermatitis, allergic reactions, atopic eczema and dry and itchy skin. A simple remedy for these skin conditions is to apply Grape Seed Oil onto the affected skin 2-3 times daily. Regular oral intake of Grape Seed Extract supplements can also add to the benefits.

Age Spots and Sun Burn

The rich nutrients in Grape Seed extract have been found to protect against UV radiation, and they have been found to lighten the effects on age spots and pigmented skin caused by ultra violet rays. Threfore simply taking Grapeseed supplements daily may heal and minimize the risk of sunburn and reduce the appearance of age spots. Applying a small amount of Grape Seed Oil onto affected skin areas can also be beneficial.

Cancer Prevention

A few studies suggest that regular oral intake of Grape Seed Extract may suppress the development of different types of cancers and may induce apoptosis - a process that triggers the self-destruction and elimination of damaged and superfluous cells in many cellular systems. Therefore, taking one Grapeseed capsule two to three times daily may be helpful as a preventive measure for people who are at a high risk of the disease. It may also help with liver damage and other side effects caused by chemotherapy medication.

Diabetes

A number of intensive studies have shown that oral intake of linoleic acid can reduce the complications associated with Diabetes. Therefore, regular consumption of Grape Seed Extract, which is rich in linoleic acid and other antiglycemic components, may help with diabetes and visual impairment in diabetics. A recommendation is to take one Grapeseed capsule twice daily.

Hemorrhoids

Varicose veins, spider veins and hemorrhoids are caused by damaged blood vessels and compromise the ability of the capillaries to manage blood flow in the veins, which results in pooling of the blood inside the veins. Grapeseed Oil contains oligomeric proanthocyanidin and flavonoids, which are known to help with capillary integrity. Therefore, taking one Grape Seed Extract capsule twice daily may be beneficial for damaged vessels, impaired capillary valves and poor blood circulation that cause hemorrhoids and varicose veins.

High Blood Pressure

Recent research has shown that Grape Seed may improve damaged blood vessels and help regulate high blood pressure and high cholesterol levels. Therefore, taking one capsule of Grapeseed Extract daily may help improve cardiovascular health.

Rheumatoid Arthritis

Studies have shown that Grape Seed Oil may improve the production of collagen which is important for maintaining healthy connective tissues in our joints. Its anti-inflammatory activity may also reduce the pain caused by arthritis. A simple remedy is to start taking 1 teaspoon of Grape Seed Oil daily on an empty stomach for 7 days and then reduce the amount to 1/2 teaspoon daily on an empty stomach.

Wrinkles and Stretch Marks

Studies have shown that the antioxidant activity of Grape Seed Extract may reduce the damage to skin cells and enhance the production of collagen and elastin which is important for strong and healthy looking skin. Therefore taking Grapeseed supplements daily may help reduce the appearance of wrinkles, stretch marks, and saggy skin. A suggested remedy is to also apply Grapeseed Oil onto the affected skin daily overnight. Alternatively, one to two drops of Grape Seed Oil can be added to your face moisturizer to enhance its effectiveness.

Efek samping Penggunaan minyak biji Anggur What are the Side Effects of Grape Seed Oil?

There are not any reported side effects or drug interactions with Grape Seed Extract when taken in moderation. The FDA has issued the GRAS (Generally Recognized As Safe) certification for Grape Seed Extract. However, an overdose of Grape Seed Extract may cause headache, nausea, dizziness and abdominal pain. As with any dietary oil, do not take more than the recommended dose of Grape Seed Oil because it may lead to diarrhea and soft stools. Do not take Grape Seed products if you are allergic to grapes. Additionally, if you are being treated for heart conditions, or are taking any cholesterol or blood pressure lowering medications or blood thinners, consult your doctor and regulate your cholesterol and blood pressure levels when using Grape Seed Oil or its Extract for therapeutic purposes. Grape Seed Oil is not recommended for cooking.